使用python完成的一个烟花小程序

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'''

FIREWORKS SIMULATION WITH TKINTER

*self-containing code

*to run: simply type python simple.py in your console

*compatible with both Python 2 and Python 3

*Dependencies: tkinter, Pillow (only for background image)

*The design is based on high school physics, with some small twists only for aesthetics purpose

'''

import tkinter as tk

from PIL import Image, ImageTk

from time import time, sleep

from random import choice, uniform, randint

from math import sin, cos, radians

GRAVITY = 0.05

colors = ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'white', 'green', 'orange', 'purple', 'seagreen','indigo', 'cornflowerblue']

'''

Generic class for particles

particles are emitted almost randomly on the sky, forming a round of circle (a star) before falling and getting removed

from canvas

Attributes:

- id: identifier of a particular particle in a star

- x, y: x,y-coordinate of a star (point of explosion)

- vx, vy: speed of particle in x, y coordinate

- total: total number of particle in a star

- age: how long has the particle last on canvas

- color: self-explantory

- cv: canvas

- lifespan: how long a particle will last on canvas

'''

class part:

def __init__(self, cv, idx, total, explosion_speed, x=0., y=0., vx = 0., vy = 0., size=2., color = 'red', lifespan = 2, **kwargs):

self.id = idx

self.x = x

self.y = y

self.initial_speed = explosion_speed

self.vx = vx

self.vy = vy

self.total = total

self.age = 0

self.color = color

self.cv = cv

self.cid = self.cv.create_oval(

x - size, y - size, x + size,

y + size, fill=self.color)

self.lifespan = lifespan

def update(self, dt):

self.age += dt

if self.alive() and self.expand():

move_x = cos(radians(self.id*360/self.total))*self.initial_speed

move_y = sin(radians(self.id*360/self.total))*self.initial_speed

self.cv.move(self.cid, move_x, move_y)

self.vx = move_x/(float(dt)*1000)

elif self.alive():

move_x = cos(radians(self.id*360/self.total))

self.cv.move(self.cid, self.vx + move_x, self.vy+GRAVITY*dt)

self.vy += GRAVITY*dt

elif self.cid is not None:

cv.delete(self.cid)

self.cid = None

def expand (self):

return self.age <= 1.2

def alive(self):

return self.age <= self.lifespan

'''

Firework simulation loop:

Recursively call to repeatedly emit new fireworks on canvas

a list of list (list of stars, each of which is a list of particles)

is created and drawn on canvas at every call,

via update protocol inside each 'part' object

'''

def simulate(cv):

t = time()

explode_points = []

wait_time = randint(10,100)

numb_explode = randint(6,10)

for point in range(numb_explode):

objects = []

x_cordi = randint(50,550)

y_cordi = randint(50, 150)

speed = uniform (0.5, 1.5)

size = uniform (0.5,3)

color = choice(colors)

explosion_speed = uniform(0.2, 1)

total_particles = randint(10,50)

for i in range(1,total_particles):

r = part(cv, idx = i, total = total_particles, explosion_speed = explosion_speed, x = x_cordi, y = y_cordi,

vx = speed, vy = speed, color=color, size = size, lifespan = uniform(0.6,1.75))

objects.append(r)

explode_points.append(objects)

total_time = .0

while total_time < 1.8:

sleep(0.01)

tnew = time()

t, dt = tnew, tnew - t

for point in explode_points:

for item in point:

item.update(dt)

cv.update()

total_time += dt

root.after(wait_time, simulate, cv)

def close(*ignore):

"""Stops simulation loop and closes the window."""

global root

root.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':

root = tk.Tk()

cv = tk.Canvas(root, height=600, width=600)

image = Image.open("./image1.jpg")

photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)

cv.create_image(0, 0, image=photo, anchor='nw')

cv.pack()

root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", close)

root.after(100, simulate, cv)

root.mainloop()

注意：这里需要安装tkinter，安装过程：

step1：

>>> import _tkinter # with underscore, and lowercase 't'

step2：

>>> import Tkinter # no underscore, uppercase 'T' for versions prior to V3.0

>>> import tkinter # no underscore, lowercase 't' for V3.0 and later

step3：

>>> Tkinter._test() # note underscore in _test and uppercase 'T' for versions prior to V3.0 

>>> tkinter._test() # note underscore in _test and lowercase 'T' for V3.0 and later

然后就可以运行了，在代码中有一个背景照片部分，路径可自行选择！我这里就不修改了。

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