基于开发保护综合效益的洞庭湖生态经济区“三生空间”格局优化

生态建筑的设计需要综合考虑环境、经济和社会效益。 #生活知识# #生活方式# #绿色生活# #生态建筑#

摘要： “三生空间”优化是促进区域国土空间高质量发展的重要基础。以洞庭湖生态经济区为例,以提升“三生空间”开发和保护综合效益为视角,耦合GMOP-FLUS模型,提出将“三生空间”情景配置和“三生空间”底线保护相结合的优化方法,比较分析3种优化情景(经济优化情景、生态优化情景和多目标优化情景)并协调两线冲突区域,明确洞庭湖生态经济区“三生空间”综合优化方案。结果表明: 2010—2020年,洞庭湖生态经济区呈现生产、生活空间增加和生态空间减少的特征,导致国土生态环境效益部分丧失;经济优化情景促进区域经济快速增长但损害了区域生态安全,生态优化情景抑制了区域经济发展,多目标优化情景则实现了“三生空间”经济效益和生态效益的双提升,分别提升2.0%和1.3%,是3种情景中的最佳优化情景;将最佳情景和两线冲突区域协调本底叠加得到2030年综合优化方案,该方案的生产、生活和生态空间面积分别为25777.18、2062.94和32552.68 km2;基于自然和社会条件,综合优化方案对各“三生空间”类型提出不同的管控建议。研究结果可为洞庭湖生态经济区合理编制国土空间规划、制定生态环境与社会经济协调发展政策提供参考。

关键词: 生产-生活-生态空间, 情景优化, 经济效益, 生态效益, 两线冲突区域协调本底, 综合优化方案

Abstract: The optimization of production-living-ecology (PLE) space is an important basis for promoting regional high-quality development. Taking the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone as an example, from the perspective of improving the comprehensive benefits of the development and protection of the PLE space, we coupled the GMOP-FLUS model, and proposed an optimization method combining the scenario configuration and the bottom line protection of the PLE space. We compared the three optimization scenarios (economic optimization scenario, ecological optimization scenario, and multi-objective optimization scenario), and coordinated the conflict areas of two lines to clarify the comprehensive optimization scheme of the PLE space in the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone. The results showed the characteristics of increasing production space and living space and decreasing ecological space from 2010 to 2020, resulting in the partial loss of land ecological and environmental benefits. Under the economic optimization scenario, the ecological optimization scenario promoted the rapid growth of regional economy but damaged regional ecological security. The ecological optimization scenario inhibited regional economic development. The multi-objective optimization scenario led to improvement of economic and ecological benefits of the PLE space, which increased by 2.0% and 1.3%, respectively. The multi-objective optimization scenario was the best optimization scenario among the three scenarios. By superimposing the best scenario and the two-line conflict regional coordination results, we obtained the comprehensive optimization scheme for 2030. The production space, living space, and ecological space areas of the scheme were 25777.18, 2062.94, and 32552.68 km2, respectively. Based on the natural and social conditions, combining the comprehensive optimization scheme, we put forward different control suggestions for each type of PLE space. Our results could provide reference for the rational formulation of territorial spatial planning and the formulation of policies for the coordinated development of ecological environment and social economy in the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone.

Key words: production-living-ecology space, scenario optimization, economic benefit, ecological benefit, two-line conflict regional coordination results, comprehensive optimization scheme

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