城市社区高龄独居老年人生命健康质量及分类保障研究

城市生活质量研究关注居民幸福感、健康水平和社区服务 #生活乐趣# #生活质量# #生活品质# #城市生活质量研究#

摘要：

随着家庭结构变化和独生子女父母老化，人口迁移频率和空间距离增加，以及价值观念转变，独居老年人群体日趋庞大且日益复杂，其内部异质性凸显。使用“中国大城市城区70岁及以上独居老人状况和需求调查”数据研究城市社区高龄独居老年人的生命健康质量发现：不同家庭类型独居老年人的躯体健康、精神健康和社会适应等生命健康质量存在显著差异，有子女有配偶独居老年人身体健康质量最差；有子女无配偶独居老年人精神健康质量最差；无子女无配偶独居老年人社会适应质量最差。有鉴于此，建议建立健全社区独居老年人信息库，分类提供社区精准关爱服务和分类保障；为有子女有配偶独居老年人提供家庭支持计划、邻里探视和紧急救助以保障其躯体健康；为有子女无配偶独居老年人提供精神慰藉、“结对子”关怀和心理辅导以保障其精神健康；为无子女无配偶独居老年人构建和谐邻里、鼓励他们社会参与及提高生活满意度以提高其社会适应。

关键词: 城市社区, 高龄独居老年人, 人口老龄化, 生命健康质量

Abstract:

The group of older adults living alone has become larger, more complex, and more heterogeneity, with the change of family structure, the aging of parents with only child, the increase of migration frequency and spatial distance, and the change of values. We use the data of “Survey on Older Adults Aged 70 and Above Living Alone in Urban China” to analyze the health-related quality of life among older adults living alone. We find that older adults with different family types have significant differences in health-related quality of life, such as body health, mental health, and social adaptation. One with children and the spouse has the worst quality of body health; one with children but without spouse has the worst quality of mental health; the one without children and spouse has the worst quality of social adjustment. It is suggested to establish and improve the information database of the older adults living alone in the community, and provide targeted care services and classified security in the community. The government should give older adults living alone with children and spouses some help to improve the quality of body health, such as family support program, neighborhood visits and emergency services. The government should give older adults living alone with children but without spouses some help to improve the quality of mental health, such as providing spiritual comfort, “pairing” help and psychological counsel services. The government should give older adults living alone without children and spouses some help to improve the quality of social adaptation, such as constructing harmonious neighborhoods, encouraging social participation and improving life satisfaction.

Key words: urban community, older adults living alone, population aging, health-related quality of life

网址：城市社区高龄独居老年人生命健康质量及分类保障研究 https://www.yuejiaxmz.com/news/view/1391038

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