从中国经济增长奇迹到经济高质量发展

发布时间：2026-01-31 07:06

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改革开放40多年来中国经济快速增长被国内外学者称为“中国经济增长奇迹”,本文以从形成经济增长奇迹的高速增长向高质量发展的转型为主线，提炼和总结了中国经济学在中国经济增长奇迹和高质量发展方面的理论贡献。一方面提炼和总结中国学者对中国经济增长奇迹的研究。中国经济增长奇迹的研究，主要开始于改革开放20周年，改革开放30周年前后掀起一波热潮，改革开放40周年以来又成为了一个热点问题。中国经济学界首先对中国经济增长奇迹表征进行了研究，主要是从经济快速增长、综合国力快速提升、人民生活水平提升、数字经济发展、对外开放程度不断加深等角度进行了概括和提炼。中国经济学家还研究了中国经济增长奇迹的形成，认为其主要得益于一些特殊优势，主要包括阶段性优势、大国优势和制度优势。中国经济增长奇迹是在市场发育不完全的情况下，在经济改革和经济转型的推动下，中国经济具有与发达国家、东欧国家和苏联以及东亚经济发展不一样的特殊增长条件、增长因素、增长路径、增长动力、增长机制，所呈现出的超常持续增长态势。中国学者的贡献在于，立足中国模式解释中国经济增长奇迹，逐步跳出西方经济学的解释框架，立足于问题导向的、长时段的、全面的历史分析，开始形成自己的解释。另一方面提炼和总结了中国学者对高质量发展的研究。高质量发展是贯彻新发展理念的发展，是中国经济发展的升级版。对高质量发展的评价，不是进行某一方面的评价，而是要进行评价体系的系统性变革，为高质量发展实践提供科学的导向。高质量发展评判体系包括标准体系、指标体系、统计体系、政策体系、绩效考核体系、政绩考核体系六大体系。高质量发展模式要实现通过创新驱动使得经济结构在许多领域实现转型升级，中国经济转向高质量发展需要重视经济发展方式转变、经济结构升级、建立现代化经济体系、经济发展动力转换、新动能培育、新发展格局构建、体制机制改革、高水平开放等重大问题。

Abstract

Over the past 40 years since the reform and opening-up, China's rapid economic growth has been called the“miracle of China's economic growth”by scholars at home and abroad.This paper refines and summarizes the theoretical contributions of Chinese economics to the miracle of China's economic growth and high-quality development along the main line from the high-speed growth that forms the miracle of economic growth to high-quality development.On the one hand, it refines and summarizes the research of Chinese scholars on the miracle of China's economic growth.The research on the miracle of China's economic growth mainly started from the 20 th anniversary of reform and opening-up, which caused a wave of upsurge around the 30 th anniversary of reform and opening-up, and has become a hot topic again since the 40 th anniversary of reform and opening-up.The Chinese economists first studied the features of the miracle of China's economic growth, mainly summarizing and refining the features from the perspectives of rapid economic growth, rapid improvement of comprehensive national strength, improvement of people's living standards, development of digital economy, and deepening opening-up.Chinese economists also studied the formation of the miracle of China's economic growth, and believed that it mainly benefited from some special advantages, including phased advantages, big country advantages and institutional advantages.The miracle of China's economic growth is that under the circumstances of incomplete market development and driven by economic reform and economic transformation, China's economy has adopted special growth conditions, growth factors, growth paths, growth dynamics and growth mechanisms that are different from the economic development of developed countries, Eastern European countries, the Soviet Union and East Asia, showing an extraordinarily sustained trend of growth.The contribution of Chinese scholars is to explain the miracle of China's economic growth based on the Chinese model, stepping out of the interpretation framework of western economics and forming their own interpretation based on problem oriented, long-term and comprehensive historical analysis.On the other hand, it refines and summarizes the research of Chinese scholars on high-quality development.High quality development is implementing the new development concept and is an upgraded version of China's economic development. The evaluation of high-quality development is not an evaluation of any single aspect, but a systematic reform of the evaluation system, providing scientific guidance for high-quality development practice.The evaluation systems of high-quality development include six systems: standard system, index system, statistical system, policy system, performance appraisal system and political achievements appraisal system.To achieve a high-quality development model, we need to drive innovation to transform and upgrade the economic structure in many areas.China's economic transformation to high-quality development needs to focus on such major issues as the transformation of the economic development model, the upgrading of the economic structure, the establishment of a modern economic system, the transformation of the driving force of economic development, the cultivation of new driving forces, the construction of a new development pattern, the reform of systems and mechanisms, and high-level opening-up.