51单片机

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一、优化独立按键：

独立按键的实现中，为了解决抖动问题（在按下和抬起时，按键会在高低电平之间抖动10ms），我们在按下后Delay(20)，随后进入循环，直到检测到按键抬起，再Delay(20)，跳出循环。

（1）问题：

如果按住按键不抬，程序会停止在独立按键的函数中。

unsigned char Key()

{

unsigned char KeyNumber = 0;

if (P3_1 == 0) { Delay(20); while (P3_1 == 0); Delay(20); KeyNumber = 1; }

if (P3_0 == 0) { Delay(20); while (P3_0 == 0); Delay(20); KeyNumber = 2; }

if (P3_2 == 0) { Delay(20); while (P3_2 == 0); Delay(20); KeyNumber = 3; }

if (P3_3 == 0) { Delay(20); while (P3_3 == 0); Delay(20); KeyNumber = 4; }

return KeyNumber;

}

（2）优化：

利用定时器，每隔20ms（跳过抖动）检测一次独立按键情况，当按键抬起再执行操作。 

unsigned char Key()

{

unsigned char Temp;

Temp = Key_KeyNumber;

Key_KeyNumber = 0;

return Temp;

}

unsigned char Key_GetState()

{

unsigned char KeyNumber = 0;

if (P3_1 == 0) { KeyNumber = 1; }

if (P3_0 == 0) { KeyNumber = 2; }

if (P3_2 == 0) { KeyNumber = 3; }

if (P3_3 == 0) { KeyNumber = 4; }

return KeyNumber;

}

unsigned char Key_KeyNumber;

void Key_Loop()

{

static unsigned char NowState, LastState;

LastState = NowState;

NowState = Key_GetState();

if (LastState == 1 && NowState == 0) { Key_KeyNumber = 1; }

if (LastState == 2 && NowState == 0) { Key_KeyNumber = 2; }

if (LastState == 3 && NowState == 0) { Key_KeyNumber = 3; }

if (LastState == 4 && NowState == 0) { Key_KeyNumber = 4; }

}

中断函数：

void Timer0_Routine() interrupt 1

{

static unsigned int T0Count1, T0Count2 = 0;

T0Count1++;

TH0 = 64535 / 256;

TL0 = 64535 % 256 + 1;

if (T0Count1 >= 20)

{

T0Count1 = 0;

Key_Loop();

}

}

二、优化数码管：

在实现数码管时， 我们实现了在指定位置显示指定数字，并在显示一下后清零。

（1）问题：

由于每次数码管显示只显示一下，因此当一次while循环的时间过长，会导致数码管帧率过低，发生闪烁现象。

void Nixie(unsigned char Location, int Number)

{

switch (Location)

{

case 1:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 2:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 0; break;

case 3:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 4:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 0; break;

case 5:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 6:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 0; break;

case 7:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 8:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 0; break;

}

unsigned char NixieTable[10] = { 0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F };

P0 = NixieTable[Number];

Delay(1);

P0 = 0x00;

}

（2）优化：

unsigned char Nixie_Buf[9] = { 0,10,10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, };

void Nixie_SetBuf(unsigned char Location, unsigned char Number)

{

Nixie_Buf[Location] = Number;

}

void Nixie_Scan(unsigned char Location, int Number)

{

P0 = 0x00;

switch (Location)

{

case 1:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 2:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 0; break;

case 3:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 4:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 0; break;

case 5:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 6:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1; P2_2 = 0; break;

case 7:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 1; break;

case 8:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0; P2_2 = 0; break;

}

unsigned char NixieTable[11] = { 0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F,0x00 };

P0 = NixieTable[Number];

}

void Nixie_Loop()

{

static unsigned char i = 1;

Nixie_Scan(i,Nixie_Buf[i]);

i++;

if (i >= 9) i = 1;

}

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