中职学校生活技能教育的困境及其纾解*——基于社会生态系统理论视角的质性研究

社会调查研究可以作为教育研究的基础，帮助学生理解社会运作方式。 #生活知识# #社会生活# #社会调查研究#

摘要：

中职学校生活技能教育是实现个体全面发展目标,建设现代职业教育体系,服务教育强国建设的有效途径。本研究基于“社会生态系统理论”分析框架,以中职学校生活技能教育开展实施的利益相关方为研究对象,选取在校学生、毕业生、家长、教师及企业负责人等五类共计26人进行访谈,分析中职学校生活技能教育的困境。研究发现,当前中职学校生活技能教育的困境主要有:在微系统层面,中职学校育人环境塑造乏力,这具体表现为课程设置与实际需求脱节,教师育人意识有待提升,同伴群体素质参差不齐;在中观系统层面,各主体间价值与目标难以协同,这具体表现为家校合作目标不一致,校企合作效果不佳;在外层系统层面,大众媒体示范、监管不力;在宏系统层面,社会正向价值引导不足。纾解中职学校生活技能教育困境,提升中职学校生活技能教育质量,需要从以下几方面入手:树立德技并修、着眼终身、回归生活的中等职业教育发展观念;确立提质培优、强师保障、三全育人的立德树人工作思路;构建家校共育、产教融合、凝聚共识的协同育人体系。

关键词: 中等职业教育, 中职学校, 生活技能, 生活技能教育

Abstract:

Life skills education in secondary vocational schools is a key approach to fostering comprehensive individual development,building a modern vocational education system,and supporting the construction of a Power Country in Education. Based on the social ecosystem theory,this study investigates the challenges in implementing life skills education in secondary vocational schools by interviewing 26 stakeholders across five categories:students, graduates,parents,teachers,and enterprise leaders. The study found that the current dilemmas of life skills education in secondary vocational schools exist at four levels. At the microsystem level,the secondary vocational school education environment is weak,which is specifically manifested in the disconnection between the curriculum setting and actual needs,the need to improve the awareness of teachers’education,and the uneven quality of peer groups. At the mesosystem level,the values and goals of various subjects are difficult to coordinate, which is specifically manifested in the inconsistent goals of home-school cooperation and the poor effect of school-enterprise cooperation. At the exosystem level, the demonstration and supervision of the mass media are unfavorable. And at the macrosystem level,the guidance of positive social values is insufficient. To address these issues,vocational schools should establish an education model that integrates moral and technical training,emphasizes lifelong development,and connects learning with real-life needs. Additionally,strengthening teacher support,improving educational quality,and fostering collaborative efforts between families,schools,and industries are essential to enhancing life skills education and promoting well-rounded student development.

Key words: secondary vocational education, secondary vocational schools, life skills, life skills education

中图分类号: 

G718.3

网址：中职学校生活技能教育的困境及其纾解*——基于社会生态系统理论视角的质性研究 https://www.yuejiaxmz.com/news/view/1359601

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